| 2008考研英语真题高频词汇记忆法（五） |
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| 作者：佚名 文章来源：本站原创 点击数：14705 更新时间：2007-8-16 |
ring off 挂断电话
give rise to 引起，使发生；造成
on the road 在旅途中
rest room 带厕所或盥洗室的休息室
all round 周围，处处
rub out 擦掉，拭去
as a rule 通常，照例
run down 撞倒，停掉，撞沉；追捕，追获，追查出
run for 竞选
run into 撞上，偶然碰见
run off 复印，打印
run out of 用完，用尽，耗尽
run over 溢出，满出；略读，略述；辗过；浏览，匆匆复习
in the long run 最终，从长远观点看来
for the sake of 为了…起见，看在…的份上
on sale 出售；贱卖
the same as 与…一致，与…相同的
all the same 仍然，照样地
on a small scale 小规模地
on a large scale 大规模地
ahead of schedule 提前
behind schedule 晚点
on schedule 按预定时间
scrape through 擦过，勉强通过
start from scratch 从头做起，从零开始
in secret 秘密地，私下地
see to 注意，负责，照料；修理
see off 给…送行
see through 看穿，识破；干完，干到底
send for 派人去请，召唤；索取
send in 呈报，提交，送来
in a sense 从某种意义上说
make sense 讲得通，有意义，言之有理
in sequence 依次，逐一
a series of 一系列，一连串
serve as 作为，用作
serve sb. right 活该；给某人应得的待遇
set off 出发，动身，引起，使发生
set out to 打算，着手
set up 创立，建立，树立；资助，扶持
set out 陈列，显示；动身，起程；制定
set down 卸下，放下；记下，记入
set back 推迟，延缓，阻碍
set about 开始，着手
set aside 挑出，拨出，留出；拒绝
set forth 阐明，陈述
settle down 定居，过安定的生活
take shape 成形
in shape 处于良好状态
in short 简言之，总之
for short 简称，缩写
cut short 中断，简化
run short 用完，耗尽
show in 领入
show off 炫耀，卖弄
show up 使呈现，使醒目；出席，到场
shut out 排除
sick of 厌烦
on the side 作为兼职，额外
side by side 肩并肩，一个挨一个
side walk 人行道
out of sight 看不见，在视野之外
at first sight 乍一看，初看起来
in sight 被见到，在望
catch sight of 发现，突然看见
ever since 从那时起，自那时以来
sit for 参加
sit in 列席，旁听
sit up 迟睡，熬夜
on the sly 偷偷地，冷不防地
so far 迄今为止
so...that 如此…以至于
so that 以便，为的是
or so 大约，左右
and so on/forth 等待
ever so 非常，极其
so...as to 结果是；如此…以至于，如此…以使
as soon as 一…就，刚…便
no sooner...than 一…就，刚…便
sooner or later 迟早，早晚
speed up 使加速
in spite of 不管，不顾，尽管，虽然
on the spot 当场，在现场
(go) on the stage 当演员
at stake 在危险中，利害攸关
stand up to 勇敢地面对，坚持抵抗，经得起
stand up for 为…辩护，维护
stand up 站起来，耐用
stand out 突出，显眼
stand by 支持，帮助，站在一边；袖手旁观
stand for 代替，代表，意味着
in step 同步，合拍
step by step 逐步
step up 提高，加快，加紧
out of step 步调不一致，不协调
step in 插入，介入
stick to 坚持；忠于；信守
stick out 伸出，突出；坚持到底；继续
in stock 现有，备有
in succession 连续地
such as 像…那样，诸如，例如
such...that 那样的…以致
all of a sudden 突然
in sum 总而言之
sum up 总结，概括
summon up 鼓起(勇气)，奋起；唤起
make sure of/that 查明，弄确实；确信；确定，务必
take apart 拆卸
take to 喜欢，亲近
take up 占去，占据；开始从事；拿起，接收
take over 接管，接办
take on 呈现，具有，装出；接纳，承担，从事
take off 拿起；脱下；起飞
take in 接受，吸收；了解，理解；欺骗
take...for 把…认为是，把…看成是
take away 消除，消耗
take after 与…相像
take...as 把…作为
take down 记下，写下
talk back 回嘴，顶嘴
talk into 说服
tape recorder 磁带录音机
in tears 流着泪，含泪，哭
lose one's temper 发怒，发脾气
in terms of 依据，按照；用…措词
thanks to 由于，幸亏
so that 为的是，使得
that is(=i.e.) 就是说，即
and then 而且，其次，于是，然后
for one thing 首先
think better of 改变主意，重新考虑
think of 想起，想到；想一想
think of...as 把…看作是，以为…是
think over 仔细考虑
as though 好像
on second thoughts 经重新考虑，一转念
thousands of 许多，无数
throw away 扔掉，抛弃
at full tilt 全速地，全力地
from time to time 有时，不时
for the time being 目前，暂时
take one's time 不急不忙，从容进行
once upon a time 从前
on time 准时
in time 及时，适时地
ahead of time 提前
at the same time 但是，然而
in no time 立即，马上
at one time 同时，曾经，从前曾
at no time 从不，决不
at a time 每次，一次
all the time 一直，始终
at times 有时
by the same token 由于同样原因，同样地
on top of 在…之上
touch on 关系到，涉及
touch up 润色，改进
out of touch 失去联系
keep in touch 保持联系
lose track 失去联系
keep track 通晓事态，注意动向
in truth 实际上，的确
try out 试验
try on 试穿
tug of war 拔河
tune in (to sth.) 调谐，收听
turn on 接通，打开
turn over 翻过来，翻倒；移交，转交
turn to 变成，求助于，借助于
take turns 轮流
turn out 制造，生产；结果是；驱逐，使离开
turn into 变成
turn in 交出，上缴；转身进入，拐入
turn down 关小，调低；拒绝，摒斥
in turn 依次，轮流
by turns 轮流，交替地
turn up 开大，调大；出现，来到，发生
turn off 关掉，断开；拐弯，叉开
up to 起来，从事于，忙于；直到；该由…，轮到，胜任，适于
make use of 利用
put to use 使用，利用
use up 用完，花完
as usual 像往常一样，照例
in vain 徒劳，无效
a variety of 种种，各种
joint venture 合资企业
on the verge of 接近于，濒于
vice versa 反之亦然
by virtue of 由于
ward off 防止，避开
warm up 变热
in the way of 妨碍
make one's way 前进，行进
lead the way 带路，引路
in one's way/in the way 妨碍，阻碍
in a way 在某点，在某种程度上
give way 让路，让步
by way of 经由，通过…方式
by the way 顺便提一下，另外
make way 开路，让路
in no way 决不
wear out 用破，用坏，磨损；耗尽，使精疲力尽
wear off 逐渐消逝
as well 同样地
as well as 既…又，除…之外(还)
what about (对于)…怎么样
what if 如果…将会怎样，即使…又有什么要紧
whether...or 是…还是，不管…还是
after a while 过了一会，不久
for a while 暂时，一时
once in a while 偶尔，有时
on the whole 总地来说
wipe out 擦去，除去；消灭，毁灭
no wonder 难怪，怪不得
in a word 总而言之
in other words 换句话说，也就是说
keep one's word 守信用
word for word 逐字地
at work 在工作，忙于
work up 引起，激起；逐渐上升，向上爬
out of work 失业
work out 解决，算出；设计出，制定出
in the world 到底，究竟
at (the) worst 在最坏的情况下
write off 报废，勾销，注销
go wrong 发生故障，出毛病
as yet 到目前为止，到那时为止
and yet 可是，然而词组部分拷贝06版的词组
常用的前缀和后缀附 录
附录1 常用的前缀和后缀
一、常用前缀
aero-: concerning the air of aircraft
plane-aeroplane
space-aerospace
anti-: against; opposite of
nuclear-antinuclear
matter-antimatter
war-antiwar
auto-: of or by oneself
biography-autobiography
criticism-autocriticism
be-: to treat as the stated thing
friend-befriend
little-belittle
bi-: two; twice; double
lingual-bilingual
cycle-bicycle
bio-: concerning living things
chemistry-biochemistry
sphere-biosphere
by-, bye-: less important
produce-by-produce
way-byway
centi-: hundredth part
grade-centigrade
meter-centimeter
co-: together, with
author-coauthor
exist-coexist
col-: ( used before l ) together, with
location-collocation
com-: ( used before b, m, p ) together, with
passion-compassion
con-: together, with
centric-concentric
federation-confederation
contra-: opposite
diction-contradiction
natural-contranatural
cor-: ( used before r ) together, with
relate-correlate
respond-correspond
counter-: opposite
act-counteract
attack-counterattack
cross-: across; going between the stated things and joining them
country-crosscountry
breed-crossbreed
de-: showing an opposite; to remove; to reduce
code-decode
value-devalue
dis-: not; the opposite of
advantage-disadvantage
agree-disagree
honest-dishonest
em-: ( used before b, m, p ) to cause to become
body-embody
power-empower
en-: to cause to become; to make
danger-endanger
large-enlarge
ex-: former ( and still living )
minister-ex-minister
wife-ex-wife
extra-: outside; beyond
curricular-extracurricular
ordinary-extraordinary
fore-: in advance, before; in or at the front
arm-forearm
warn-forewarn
il-: ( used before l ) not
legal-illegal
literate-illiterate
im-: ( used before b, m, p ) not
moral-immoral
possible-impossible
in-: not
direct-indirect
sensitive-insensitive
infra-: below in a range; beyond
red-infrared
structure-infrastructure
inter-: between; among
change-interchange
national-international
intra-: inside, within; into
city-intracity
department-intra-department
ir-: (used before r) not
regular-irregular
responsible-irresponsible
kilo-: thousand
gram-kilogram
meter-kilometer
macro-: large, esp. concerning a whole system rather than
particular parts of
economics-macroeconomics
structure-macrostructure
mal-: bad or badly
function-malfunction
treat-maltreat
micro-: extremely small
computer-microcomputer
electronics-microelectronics
mid-: middle
day-midday
night-midnight
mini-: small; short
bus-minibus
skirt-miniskirt
mis-: bad or badly; wrong or wrongly
fortune-misfortune
understand-misunderstand
mono-: one; single
plane-monoplane
tone-monotone
multi-: more than one; many
purpose-multipurpose
national-multinational
non-: not
resident-non(-)resident
sense-nonsense
out-: outside; beyond
live-outlive
door-outdoor
over-: too much; above; additional
head-overhead
time-overtime
poly-: many
centric-polycentric
syllabic-polysyllabic
post-: later than; after
graduate-postgraduate
war-postwar
pre-: before; in advance
pay-prepay
war-prewar
pro-: in favor of, supporting
America-pro-America
abortion-pro-abortion
pseudo-: not real; false
name-pseudonym
science-pseudoscience
re-: again; back to the former state
unite-reunite
use-reuse
self-: by means of oneself or itself; of, to, with, for, or in
oneself or itself
employed-self-employed
taught-self-taught
semi-: half; partly
circle-semicircle
final-semifinal
step-: not by birth but through a parent who has remarried
mother-stepmother
children-stepchildren
sub-: under, below; less important; part of the stated bigger
whole
divide-subdivide
section-subsection
super-: more, larger, greater than usual
market-supermarket
natural-supernatural
tele-: at or over a long distance; by or for television
communication-telecommunication
screen-telescreen
therm(o)-: concerning heat
chemistry-thermochemistry
meter-thermometer
trans-: across, on or to the other side of ; between
Atlantic-transatlantic
plant-transplant
tri-: three; three times
angular-triangular
cycle-tricycle
ultra-: beyond; very, extremely
modern-ultramodern
sound-ultrasound
un-: not
certain-uncertain
fortunate-unfortunate
under-: too little; below
develop-underdevelop
sea-undersea
uni-: one, singer
form-uniform
directional-unidirectional
vice-: next in the rank; below
chairman-vice-chairman
president-vice-president
二、常用后缀
1名词后缀
-ability, -ibility
able-ability
flexible-flexibility
-age
post-postage
short-shortage
-al
arrive-arrival
refuse-refusal
-an, -ian, -arian
library-librarian
music-musician
-ance, -ence
appear-appearance
refer-reference
-ancy, -ency
emerge-emergency
expect-expectancy
-ant, -ent
apply-applicant
correspond-correspondent
-cy
accurate-accuratcy
private-privacy
-dom
king-kingdom
free-freedom
-ee
employ-employee
interview-interviewee
-er, -or, -ar
paint-painter
beg-beggar
-ery
brave-bravery
slave-slavery
-ese
China-Chinese
Japan-Japanese
-ess
actor-actress
waiter-waitress
-ful
hand-handful
spoon-spoonful
-hood
child-childhood
man-manhood
-ics
electron-electronics
linguist-linguistics
-ion, -ition, -ation
collect-collection
observe-observation
-ism
Marx-Marxism
socialist-socialism
-ist
psychiatry-psychiatrist
violin-violinist
-ity, -ty
cruel-cruelty
pure-purity
-ment
move-movement
retire-retirement
-ness
dark-darkness
happy-happiness
-ology
climate-climatology
future-futurology
-ship
friend-friendship
scholar-scholarship
-sion, -ssion
decide-decision
expand-expansion
-th
grow-growth
wide-width
-ure
close-closure
expose-exposure
2动词后缀
-en
deep-deepen
fast-fasten
-ify
class-classify
simple-simplify
-ize, -ise
modern-modernize / modernize
popular-popularize / popularize
3形容词后缀
-able, -ible
suit-suitable
question-questionable
-al
nature-natural
structure-structural
-an, -arian, -ian
suburb-suburban
Canada-Canadian
-ant, -ent
differ-different
please-pleasant
-ary, -ory
advise-advisory
custom-customary
-ate
consider-considerate
fortune-fortunate
-en
gold-golden
wood-wooden
-ese
China-Chinese
Japan-Japanese
-free
care-carefree
duty-duty-free
-ful
care-careful
pain-painful
-ic, -ical
atom-atomic
psychology-psychological
-ish
girl-girlish
child-childish
-ive
create-creative
support-supportive
-less
hope-hopeless
pain-painless
-like
child-childlike
lady-ladylike
-ly
man-manly
month-monthly
-ous, -ious
danger-dangerous
poison-poisonous
-some
tire-tiresome
trouble-troublesome
-ward
down-downward
up-upward
-y
guilt-guilty
noise-noisy
4副词后缀
-ly
easy-easily
heavy-heavily
-ward, -wards
east-eastward(s)
north-northward(s)
-wise
clock-clockwise
other-otherwise
部分国家（或地区）、语言、国名及国籍表附录2 部分国家（或地区）、语言、国名及国籍表
国家（或地区）语言国民国籍AmericaAmericanAmericanAustraliaAustralianAustralianBrazilBrazilianBrazilianBritiainEnglishBritonBritishCanadaCanadianCanadianChinaChineseChineseChineseEgyptEgyptianEgyptianEnglandEnglishEnglishmanEnglishFranceFrenchFrenchmanFrenchGermanyGermanGermanGermanGreeceGreekGreekGreekIndiaIndianIndianIrelandIrishIrishmanIrishIsraelIsraeliIsraeliItalyItalianItalianItalianJapanJapaneseJapaneseJapaneseThe NetherlandsDutchDutchmanDutchNew ZealandNew ZealanderPortugalPortuguesePortuguesePortugueseRussiaRussianRussianRussianScotlandScots, ScottishScotsmanScots, ScottishSpainSpanishSpaniardSpanishSwedenSwedishSwedishSwedishSwitzerlandSwissSwissWalesWelshWelshmanWelsh附录3 洲名
名词形容词AfricaAfricanAmericaAmericanAntarcticaAntarcticAsiaAsianAustraliaAustralianEuropeEuropeanNorth AmericaNorth AmericanOceaniaOceanicSouth AmericaSouth American
常见缩写词附录4 常见缩写词
AD, A.D.anno Domini(=in the year of the Lord;since Christ was born)公元A.M., a.m.ante meridian (before noon)上午、午前Apr.April四月Aug.August八月Ave.avenue林荫道，大街BABachelor of Arts文科学士BC, B.C.before Christ公元前BS, BScBachelor of Science理科学士C. Centigrade摄氏度cccubic centimeter立方厘米CDcompact disk光盘，激光唱片cf.confer(=compare)试比较；参看cmcentimeter厘米Cocompany公司c/ocare of由…转交cp.compare比较Dec.December十二月dept., Dept.department部，司，局，系Dr, Dr.doctor博士；医生e.g.exempli gratia(=for example)例如esp.especially尤其是et al.et alia(=and others)以及其他等等etc.et cetera(=and the rest)等等FFahrenheit华氏的Feb.February二月Fri.Friday星期五ftFoot,feet英尺g,gm,gm.gram克GMTGreenwich Mean Time格林威治时间hr,hr.hour小时IDidentification card身份证i.e.id est( = that is)那就是，即in.inch英寸Inc.incorporated股份有限的Jan.January 一月Jr.junior小 (用于姓名后)Jul.July七月Jun.June六月kg,kg.kilogram千克，公斤km,km.kilometer千米，公里l,l.liter升lb,lb.libra( = pound)磅Ltd.limited有限的, 股份有限m,m.meter米MAMaster of Arts文科硕士Mar.March 三月min.minute分钟ml,ml.millimeter毫升Mon.Monday星期一Mr,Mr.Mister…先生Mrs,Mrs.Mistress…夫人，…太太Ms,Ms.Mrs or Miss…女士MS,MSc Master of Science理科硕士Mtmount,mountain峰，山No.number号码Nov.November十一月Oct.October十月Ppage;parking 页，停车处par,para paragraph（文章的）段Ph.D,PhD philosophiae Doctor 博士pl.plural复数PM,P.M.post meridiem( = afternoon)下午，午后PRCPeople's Republic of China 中华人民共和国Prof.professor教授PSpostscript附言Rd.,rd road路Sat.Saturday星期六sec.second秒Sep.,Sept.September九月sing.singular 单数sqsquare 平方；广场st.street街道sthsomething某物，某事Sun.Sunday星期日t,t.ton 吨tel.telephone电话ThursThursday星期四TuesTuesday星期二UKUnited Kingdom（大不列颠及北爱尔兰）联合王国，英国UNUnited Nations联合国US,U.S.United States ( of America)美利坚合众国，美国usu.usually通常v,vs versus…对…VIPvery important person重要人物，大人物vol.Volume卷，册W,w watt瓦特WCwater closet厕所Wed,WedsWednesday星期三 << 上一页 [11]
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